No alarms. Writing when I want to. Working from where I want to be – be it a coffee shop, mom’s house, or my bed. Choosing which projects I want to work on, and what clients I want to work with. Avoiding long commutes, traffic, and scraping snow off my car at 7 a.m. to get to work on time. Answering to only myself, and building my business how I want to build it.
Recently I’ve been asking myself more and more how I can better prepare to be a full-time consultant/freelancer.
With the changing of the seasons, I’m renewing my focus on building my business, client list and portfolio. I’m falling back in love with writing and new excitement working for my clients. And although I recently started a new job and I’m loving the people and the organization, I’m also realizing a little more every day that I’m not made for corporate work style, and I need to work harder to be prepared for a change.
What’s really got me thinking is a girl at my new job recently put in her notice. She’s taking time to travel, freelance and do her own thing. She’s been saving for awhile and now was the time for her. And I’m so jealous.
I have a separate savings account for my freelancing and everything I earn from my clients goes into that account. While I’m happy with where it’s at so far, I’ve been wondering what it really will take to be able to quit my corporate job and freelance full time. I haven’t pulled the trigger because frankly, I’m scared, and I like to be over-prepared.
I recently did some research in order to answer some questions and help me prepare. Here are some questions you should ask yourself before you decide to freelance full time, and things to consider when determining if you’re ready.
What’s your bare minimum budget?
Before knowing how much money you should have saved, you need to calculate your bare minimum monthly budget.
Think about all of the monthly expenses you have, including rent or mortgage, utilities and other bills, groceries, loans (such as auto or student), credit card payments, and extra for clothing, dining out, etc. Also consider how much you’ll need for health insurance, self-employment taxes, and funding your own retirement account – all things you’d have with a full-time or corporate job, but not self-employed. Don’t forget to add in any freelance costs you may incur, such as fees or office supplies.
One way to help you prepare is to track your budget for three months. Write down every single thing you spend money on, and how much it costs. You can use a notebook, spreadsheet, or budget tracking app. However you do it, having an accurate depiction of what you spend can help you budget for the future.
Also list all of the benefits you’ll be giving up, such as 401k deductions, health insurance, vacation days, etc.
Additional considerations include:
- Insurance: Having medical insurance is mandatory, so if you’re freelancing full-time you’ll have to purchase private insurance. For healthy young adults, it can be as little as $70 per month. I’ve quoted some companies and get around $75-80 per month. Doing research on your insurance options and comparing quotes can help you save money with the best coverage. Keep in mind some providers require a 30-day application process, so do this research well in advance of needing it to avoid a coverage lapse.
- Taxes: Self-employment taxes is a whole different ball game. I recommend meeting with a financial advisor or accountant to help you ensure you’re filing the right things at the right time in the right way. How much to estimate for taxes depends on how much money you make and what state you live in. It also depends on if you’re filing self-employment taxes, or income from a business or LLC. If your clients aren’t taking taxes out of your checks, you’ll need to pay quarterly taxes to the IRS to avoid fees and penalties. Some cities may require you to file both state and city income tax. You should plan on paying at least 30-40% of your income in taxes to be safe, but talking to a professional about your specific scenario can help you find more of an appropriate estimate.
- Retirement: Just because you’re freelancing and not committing an income percentage to an established 401k account through your employer doesn’t mean you shouldn’t be saving. If you have an account from a former employer, consider rolling it into an IRA or mutual fund. At the very least, set aside a percentage of your freelance income to a separate retirement savings account as to not get behind.
- Business expenses. Don’t forget about the business expenses you may incur while freelancing, such as a business license, liability insurance, website development, training and professional development, office equipment and software, and other print or digital collateral.
How much money do I have saved?
This question holds many freelancers back – including me – because they want to make sure they have a secure source of income to pay the bills after they quit their job. Obviously, the more money you have the better. Ask yourself, how long would your current savings last? If your freelance career isn’t already established or you don’t yet have existing clients, how long can you support yourself until you get your career going?
Make a list of all of your existing expenses, and estimate your additional expenses (health insurance, etc.). Once you have your total monthly expenses, multiply this by how many months you want savings in case of emergencies. Some experts suggest you have at least 3-6 months worth of expenses in a separate account, but others recommend freelancers double this amount for added risk of being self-employed.
For me, I calculated I need about $3,000 per month for expenses, and I wanted eight months of expenses saved up. That means I need about $24,000 in my separate savings account to feel comfortable transitioning to full-time freelancing. Personally, I am not including dollars I already have in my traditional checking and savings account, or retirement funds already contributed.
Another consideration is estimated costs incurred with life, such as buying a house, having a baby, or taking a trip. In order to support these expenses, you’ll need to continue actively earning income. The extra savings is to support you in case of an emergency or slow time with clients, not fully support you month-to-month.
How can I generate a passive income stream?
Making more money, especially when you first start freelancing, can make life easier. That’s why it may be helpful to generate additional income streams that don’t require you to actively work. Here are some examples:
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- Develop an e-book or guide people have to pay to download
- Create an online course that teaches a specific skill you’re an expert at
- Affiliate marketing (use your website or other platform to promote other companies, who pay you for your promotion). You can do this on your website, podcast, YouTube channel, other social media or other platform.
- Add display ads or cost per click ads to your blog or website
- Work with a financial advisor to invest dollars in high-return stocks or other funds
- Sell stock photos
- Creating an audiobook
- Create a digital product, such as course, upgraded package with additional information, downloadable assets, etc.
There are even options not related to your freelance expertise, such as:
- Cashback sites or apps
- Cashback credit card
- Rent out a room, or Airbnb your home
- Sell clothes, bags, shoes, or anything else you have that you no longer need. You can use online platforms such as Poshmark so you don’t even have to leave your home.
Do I have a backup plan?
Even if you have the savings account, passive income avenues, and work hard building your client list, your freelance plan may not work out. If that happens, do you have a backup plan? What if you use your savings and aren’t earning enough to pay off your minimum monthly budget – what next?
It may be helpful to plan for this scenario before taking the leap. Don’t look at it as a way of inevitably failing. Instead, use it as part of your business plan. Will you find another full-time job? Can your partner or spouse cover expenses for a few months? How can you cut your monthly expenses to generate additional savings? Having a back up plan can help you feel confident and secure in quitting your day-job.
Quitting your full-time job and freelancing or consulting is a huge leap of faith, but the payoff can be incredible. However, it takes work, dedication and passion. How much time will you dedicate to perfecting your craft and business? How many hours can you dedicate to communicating with clients and finding work? How many hours can you spend building your website, blog, and working for other clients?
Especially at first, you may have to work harder and longer than you would at a full-time job. But the payoff will be worth it in the end.
REFLECTION: Have you made the move to full-time freelancing? How did you plan for it? How did the transition go? Do you have any tips or suggestions for anyone wanting to do the same? Share your responses in the comments below!